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The Data Center Divide

Village of Los Lunas

Pro-Data Center Policies

Los Lunas dedicates half of construction-related tax revenue for ten years to public infrastructure, subject to a $350 million investment and ten years of operation; proposed bond financing still requires further approval.

Incentives

Infrastructure funding

Dedicates 50% of Village construction-related tax revenue for ten years to eligible public infrastructure supporting Greater Kudu’s data-center expansion. The approved project agreement requires the company to operate for at least ten years and invest at least $350 million.

Tax benefits
2

Provides Greater Kudu/Meta’s data-center expansion with an IRB tax abatement process to assist the company, according to reporting on the February 13 council approval. The available reporting describes tax incentives encouraging the expansion, not a public loan subsidy.

Allows Greater Kudu to apply as the Village’s agent for Type 9 Nontaxable Transaction certificates for qualifying expansion-project equipment purchases. These benefits are conditional: failure to adopt the later bond ordinance would void the certificates and subject purchases to otherwise-due tax.

current law · Village of Los Lunas
Approves a Local Economic Development Act (LEDA) project for Greater Kudu LLC to expand its existing data-center campus in Los Lunas and Valencia County, supporting economic development and related public infrastructure; the measure was approved by a 4–0 vote on March 12, 2026.Village of Los Lunas Ordinance 486 (2026)

What this means

The measure would provide substantial financial support for expanding the data center by dedicating half of local tax revenue from construction for ten years. The company must invest at least $350 million and operate the facility for at least ten years, but these commitments do not add significant barriers to building or operating.

People behind it

  • Applied for and requested public support for the data-center expansion project under the Village's LEDA Plan.

  • Adopted Ordinance 486, approved the LEDA project and Project Participation Agreement, and authorized related agreements.

  • Prepared and negotiated the Project Participation Agreement, dedicated the Village's GRT increment, and serves as fiscal agent administering project funds.

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  • Adopted a separate ordinance approving participation in the project, dedicated the County's GRT increment, and participates in administering project funds.

  • Approved the project on behalf of the State, committed the State's GRT increment, and administers its transfer for project infrastructure.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements6
  • To receive LEDA support, Greater Kudu must invest at least $350 million in project construction and operate the facility for at least 10 years. minimum of $350,000,000 in the construction of the Project

  • If $350 million in qualifying construction expenses has not accrued by the agreement’s termination date—generally the tenth anniversary—the company must cooperate in returning 100% of the public support it received through the GRT increment. If by the Termination Date $350,000,000 in expenses

  • The company must provide monthly documentation of project-related gross receipts tax filings, including required contractor and subcontractor records, to the Village, County, and State Economic Development Department. provide a copy of all CRS-1s for the Project

  • The company must provide security for the public support through a parent-company commitment, and the parent must reimburse the Village for all public support if the company fails to satisfy the required investment or other repayment obligations. the Parent shall reimburse the Village for all of the public support

  • The company must pay the Village’s reasonable administrative expenses, third-party expenses, inspection and audit costs, and outside legal fees arising from a company default; the administrative fee may be supplemented from the project’s GRT increment. pay the Village ... an administrative fee

  • LEDA funds may be used only for eligible public infrastructure improvements and are limited to the gross receipts taxes generated by the project; the Village and County have no obligation to fund improvements beyond appropriated amounts. the only recourse for payment of the GRT Increment

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions5
  • The Village will dedicate 50% of its gross receipts and compensating tax increments generated by taxable construction expenses for the data-center project for 10 years to fund eligible infrastructure improvements, subject to the project agreements and the requirement that the Company invest at least $350 million and operate the facility for at least 10 years. 50% of the Village’s ... tax revenue ... for ten years

  • The project may receive corresponding contributions of 50% of eligible construction-related gross receipts and compensating tax increments from the State and Valencia County for 10 years, in addition to the Village contribution. fifty percent of the state ... and ... local and county gross receipts and compensating tax increments

  • The Village and County can use the dedicated tax proceeds to acquire, construct, install, and pay for eligible public infrastructure supporting the project, including highway-intersection and connectivity improvements, Huning Ranch Loop expansions, an Eastside feasibility study, the Safety Corridor, and potentially the Los Lunas West Loop. Infrastructure Improvements

  • The Village is designated as fiscal agent for the State and County contributions, with the funds transferred into a project-specific fund and distributed for public infrastructure; EDD must transfer State funds to the Village within 30 days after their deposit in the LEDA Fund. Transfer to the Village the GRT Increment from the LEDA Fund

  • The Village and County, rather than Greater Kudu, may enter the construction and related contracts for the public infrastructure, with project costs paid from the dedicated tax increments and limited to eligible infrastructure costs. the Village and the County, rather than the Company, to enter into the construction

Sources

current law · Village of Los Lunas
The provided materials do not establish the purpose, legal effect, requirements, exceptions, dates, or implementation status of Village of Los Lunas Ordinance 480 (2025).Village of Los Lunas Ordinance 480 (2025)

What this means

The measure provides substantial support for Greater Kudu’s data center expansion by dedicating half of the Village’s construction-related tax revenue for ten years to public infrastructure. That support is tied to the company investing at least $350 million and operating the facility for ten years, so it is a strong benefit but not unconditional.

People behind it

  • Applicant and project proponent that proposed the data-center expansion and requested the Village's public support.

  • Municipality sponsoring and approving the project support and serving as fiscal agent to administer dedicated tax increments.

  • Legislative body responsible for adopting the IRB resolution and LEDA ordinance authorizing the project and related agreements.

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  • Co-participant that approved the project and dedicated its share of tax increments to the infrastructure improvements.

  • State participating agency that approved the project, dedicated the State's tax increment, and transferred funds through the LEDA Fund.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements9
  • The Village is not obligated to issue the industrial revenue bonds until it completes its normal project review and the Council approves a separate bond ordinance.

  • The Village Administrator must publish notice at least 14 days before the Council meeting at which the bond ordinance will be considered, creating a required notice and waiting period.

  • The inducement resolution expires if the Council does not adopt the bond ordinance within 180 days after the resolution’s adoption.

  • The industrial revenue bonds will not receive federal tax-exempt treatment; the resolution states that interest is taxable for federal income-tax purposes.

  • Tax certificates authorized for the project may be used only for capital equipment and other tangible personal property and may not be used after project completion.

  • To receive LEDA support, Greater Kudu must operate the facility for at least 10 years and invest at least $350 million in project construction.

  • If at least $350 million in project-related construction expenses have not accrued by the applicable termination date, Greater Kudu must cooperate in recovering 100% of the gross-receipts-tax increment it received.

  • The company must provide monthly documentation, including contractor and subcontractor tax filings and project-related gross-receipts-tax summaries, so the public contributions can be verified.

  • LEDA-funded infrastructure improvements may be paid for only from eligible gross-receipts-tax increments and may not exceed the actual cost of those improvements.

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions8
  • The Village may issue taxable industrial revenue bonds for the expansion in up to six series of up to $7.5 billion each, financing project costs and certain bond-issuance costs. The bonds require later Village Council approval through a bond ordinance and remain subject to Village review. up to six (6) series

  • Interest on the industrial revenue bonds is intended to be taxable for federal purposes but exempt from New Mexico state taxation, reducing the state tax burden for bondholders and potentially lowering financing costs. interest on the Bonds is exempt from State taxation

  • The Company may use Type 9 nontaxable transaction certificates, acting as the Village’s agent, to purchase capital equipment and other tangible personal property for the project without the applicable transaction taxes. The certificates cannot be used after project completion or for non-project purchases, and they become void if the bond ordinance is not adopted. Type 9 Nontaxable Transaction certificates

  • The industrial revenue bonds are payable solely from lease payments made by Greater Kudu and are not a general debt of the Village or a charge against its taxing power. The Company must promptly reimburse the Village for bond-related costs, limiting the Village’s financial exposure while enabling the project financing structure. special limited obligations

  • The Village will dedicate 50% of the Village gross receipts and compensating tax increment generated by the Company’s taxable construction expenses for ten years to eligible infrastructure supporting the expansion. The County and State arrangements likewise provide for dedication of 50% of their applicable tax increments. fifty percent of the tax revenue

  • The dedicated LEDA tax revenues may fund public infrastructure connected to the expansion, including New Mexico Highway 6 intersection and connectivity improvements, Huning Ranch Loop improvements, an Eastside expansion feasibility study, Safety Corridor improvements, and potentially the Los Lunas West Loop. The improvements are funded only to the extent that dedicated revenues or separately appropriated matching amounts are available. Infrastructure Improvements

  • The Village will act as fiscal agent for the State and County LEDA increments, receive the dedicated revenues, place them in a project-specific fund, and administer payments for eligible infrastructure costs. The revenues cannot be used for other purposes, and any Village or County contribution beyond the dedicated revenues requires separate legislative appropriation. act as fiscal agent

  • The LEDA support is available in connection with a commitment by Greater Kudu to invest at least $350 million in construction and operate the facility for at least ten years. If the required construction spending is not achieved, the project party must cooperate in recovering the public support, with a parent-company commitment serving as security for repayment. invest a minimum of $350,000,000

Sources

current law · Village of Los Lunas
Declares the Village of Los Lunas’ intent to issue up to six taxable Industrial Revenue Bond series, each up to $7.5 billion, to support Greater Kudu LLC’s expansion of its data-center campus and related facilities, as described in Resolution 24-27.Village of Los Lunas Resolution 24-27 (2024)

What this means

The resolution signals support for expanding the data center and could provide major financing and tax benefits, including bonds of up to $7.5 billion per series and tax certificates for equipment purchases (bond amount, equipment tax certificates). But the bonds are not guaranteed: the Village would need to review the project and approve a later ordinance (subject to review and approval).

People behind it

  • Submitted the Industrial Revenue Bond application and project plan for the proposed data center expansion.

  • Served as bond counsel and presented the inducement and notice resolution to the Village Council.

  • Considered, adopted, and authorized actions related to Resolution No. 24-27 and the proposed bond issuance.

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  • Authorized to publish the notice of intent to adopt the related bond ordinance and take further administrative steps.

  • Proposed issuer of the taxable industrial revenue bonds and governmental entity administering the measure.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements7
  • The data-center expansion and related bond financing remain subject to the Village’s normal project review and require Village Council approval and authorization through a later bond ordinance.

  • Before the Council considers the bond ordinance, the Village must publish notice of its intent to adopt it at least 14 days in advance, including the meeting’s time, date, and location.

  • The inducement resolution expires if the Village Council does not adopt the bond ordinance within 180 days after the resolution’s adoption.

  • The Company must enter into a lease agreement requiring lease payments sufficient to pay debt service on the bonds.

  • The bonds’ interest is not intended to be exempt from federal income tax, although the resolution states that it is exempt from New Mexico state taxation.

  • Type 9 nontaxable transaction certificates may be used only for capital equipment and other tangible personal property purchased for the project and may not be used after the project is completed.

  • If the Council refuses or fails to adopt the bond ordinance, the Company loses the benefits under the Industrial Revenue Bond Act, including the certificates, and previously covered purchases may become subject to the otherwise applicable tax.

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions6
  • Authorizes up to six taxable Industrial Revenue Bond series, each with principal of up to $7.5 billion, to finance the expansion project and related issuance costs. up to six (6) series

  • Provides that interest on the bonds is exempt from New Mexico state taxation, although the company does not intend the interest to be exempt from federal income taxation. interest on the Bonds is exempt from State taxation

  • Allows Greater Kudu to apply, as the Village’s agent, for Type 9 nontaxable transaction certificates for purchases of capital equipment and other tangible personal property for the project. The certificates cannot be used after project completion or for nonqualifying purchases. apply to the Taxation and Revenue Department for Type 9 Nontaxable Transaction certificates

  • Creates an inducement resolution allowing the company to proceed under the Industrial Revenue Bond structure while the Village completes its review and considers the later bond ordinance. The inducement is subject to the Village Council’s subsequent approval of that ordinance. This Resolution is intended to be an “inducement resolution”

  • Structures the bonds as special limited obligations payable solely from lease revenues, rather than from the Village’s general credit or taxing power; the company must promptly reimburse the Village for bond-related costs. payable solely from the revenues derived from the leasing of the Project

  • Authorizes the Village Administrator to publish the required notice of intent to adopt the bond ordinance, advancing the process toward final bond authorization. The notice must be published at least 14 days before the meeting at which the Council considers the ordinance. at least fourteen (14) days prior

Sources

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