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The Data Center Divide

Bartow County

Slightly Pro-Data Center Policies

Bartow County allows data centers in some industrial zones and approves specific projects with conditions; agricultural sites require at least 200 acres, a 200-foot buffer, and conditional-use approval.

current law · Unincorporated areas
Allows data centers of at least 200 acres in agricultural zones with a conditional-use permit, a 200-foot buffer, and review of site suitability and potential impacts.Bartow County Ordinance Z-26-00027 (2026)

What this means

The amendment would create a new option to seek approval for data centers on A-1 agricultural land, expanding where they could be built. But projects would need at least 200 acres, a 200-foot buffer, and a conditional-use permit, with the county able to add further conditions, so the benefit is modest (new A-1 data center rules).

People behind it

  • Submitted the application to amend the Zoning Ordinance, identified as Z-25-00035.

  • Sole Commissioner of Bartow County who adopted and enacted the amendment.

  • Considered the proposed amendment and recommended its approval.

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  • Made recommendations to adjust the amendment’s language.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements11
  • Data centers are not generally permitted unless the zoning district specifically authorizes them. The Business Park District expressly lists data centers as permitted uses, while the ordinance states that uses not specifically named in a district are not permitted. In the A-1 Agricultural District, data centers require conditional-use approval. (uses not specifically named are not permitted)

  • A data center proposed in the A-1 District requires a conditional-use permit and must be located on at least 200 acres. The applicant must explain why the A-1 location is preferable to rezoning to I-1, I-2, or the Business Park District. (Data Centers, on a minimum of 200 acres)

  • A data center must meet a minimum lot size of 50 acres, at least 110 feet of street frontage, and at least 110 feet of lot width at the building line. (Minimum lot acreage: Fifty (50) acres)

  • Data center buildings are limited to 75 feet in height and must have front, side, and rear setbacks of at least 50 feet, in addition to applicable zoning-district buffers. (Buildings shall not exceed a height of seventy-five (75) feet)

  • Data centers must screen air-conditioning units and HVAC systems from public rights-of-way and adjacent properties. This requirement does not apply when the equipment is more than 100 feet from adjacent property lines. (Air conditioning units and HVAC systems)

  • The front facade of each principal data center building must face a street or adjacent arterial street, unless the building is more than 500 feet from the right-of-way or is not visible from the right-of-way. (Front building facade)

  • Security fencing and walls cannot be placed within the required buffer unless they comply with the ordinance's fencing rules. Fencing and walls outside the required setback and buffer are not subject to height limitations. (Security fencing and walls)

  • Data center exterior lighting must be shielded and downcast; use full-cutoff fixtures, poles no taller than 25 feet, a 10-foot setback from exterior property lines, and a maximum of 0.5 foot-candles at the property line. The Zoning Administrator may require a photometric lighting plan before issuing a building permit. (Exterior illumination shall be shielded, downcast)

  • Data center operations may not produce continuous sound averaging more than 65 decibels from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. or 55 decibels from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m., measured at an adjacent property boundary shared with residential property. (65 decibels over any 30-minute period)

  • After a certificate of occupancy is issued for each data center building, the County may obtain sound studies or require the operator to provide one. The operator must pay for required testing, and a violation can result in a fine of up to $1,000 per day until compliance is achieved. (the County may obtain sound studies)

  • An A-1 data center conditional-use application must include a utility inventory showing power-line easements, and the Planning Commission may recommend additional setbacks, buffers, noise limits, or lighting restrictions. (utility inventory showing the power line easements)

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions7
  • Data centers are expressly permitted uses in the Business Park District, so a data center may be developed there without needing a conditional-use permit solely because it is a data center. The district allows data centers among its listed permitted uses: “Business offices … Data Center … Distribution facilities”.

  • Data centers may be approved as a conditional use in the A-1 Agricultural District on sites of at least 200 acres, providing an alternative to rezoning to I-1, I-2, or BPD. The applicant must explain why the A-1 location is more suitable and address utility infrastructure, including power-line easements: “Data Centers, on a minimum of 200 acres”.

  • The ordinance establishes specific development standards for data centers, creating a defined approval framework rather than leaving the use unclassified. The standards include a maximum 75-foot building height, 50-foot setbacks, 110-foot frontage and building-line width, and a 50-acre minimum lot size: “The following development standards shall apply”.

  • Data center sites may use public or private internal development roads, subject to county engineering standards, and secured entrances may include guard houses and secured-entry features: “Internal development roads may be public or private”.

  • Accessory equipment and structures customarily incidental to a data center are allowed, including applicable accessory equipment associated with battery systems and other primary operations: “Structures and land may be used for uses customarily incidental to the primary permitted use”.

  • The data-center rules provide an HVAC-screening exception when equipment is more than 100 feet from adjacent property lines, reducing screening obligations for suitably separated equipment: “This requirement shall not apply where the equipment is more than 100 feet from adjacent property lines”.

  • Data centers receive measurable operating noise limits and a defined compliance process. The County may conduct or require sound studies after a certificate of occupancy, allowing operators to demonstrate compliance under specified daytime and nighttime decibel standards: “After issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy for each data center building”.

Sources

current law · Unincorporated areas
Allows data centers in I-1 and I-2 industrial districts and sets data-center-specific requirements for site layout, lighting, screening, and noise.Bartow County Zoning Ordinance (2025)

What this means

The amendment would make data centers a permitted use in I-1 and I-2 industrial districts, easing the zoning path for projects there (permitted use in I-1 and I-2). But projects would face notable site and operating rules, including a 50-acre minimum and limits on noise and lighting (data center development standards). Overall, the zoning benefit slightly outweighs these restrictions.

People behind it

  • Submitted the application to amend the County zoning ordinance.

  • Considered the proposed amendment and recommended approval.

  • Recommended adjustments to the ordinance language.

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  • Sole Commissioner who approved and adopted the amendment.

  • County Clerk who attested the adopted ordinance.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements14
  • Data centers are permitted only in the I-1 and I-2 industrial districts, subject to the applicable zoning requirements.

  • A data center site must contain at least 50 acres.

  • Data-center buildings may not exceed 75 feet in height, measured from the structure pad level, subject to exceptions for certain accessory industrial structures.

  • Data centers must maintain 50-foot front, side, and rear setbacks, in addition to any applicable zoning-district buffers.

  • A data-center lot must have at least 110 feet of frontage on a street and at least 110 feet of width at the building line.

  • HVAC systems and air-conditioning units must be screened from public rights-of-way and adjacent properties, unless the equipment is more than 100 feet from adjacent property lines.

  • The front facade of each principal data-center building must face a street or adjacent arterial street, unless the building is more than 500 feet from or not visible from the public right-of-way.

  • Security fencing and walls may not be placed within required buffers unless they comply with the ordinance’s general fencing rules; fencing outside the required setback and buffer is not subject to height limits.

  • Data-center exterior lighting must be shielded and downcast, preserve existing night-sky darkness, and prevent light trespass. Fixtures must be full cut-off, light poles may not exceed 25 feet, poles must be at least 10 feet from exterior property lines, and illumination at the property line may not exceed 0.5 foot-candles.

  • The zoning administrator may require a photometric lighting plan demonstrating compliance with the data-center lighting standards as part of a building-permit application.

  • Data-center operations may not produce continuous sound exceeding an average of 65 decibels over any 30-minute period from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., or 55 decibels from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m., measured at an adjacent property boundary between the site and residential property.

  • After a certificate of occupancy is issued for each data-center building, the County may obtain sound studies or require the operator to provide one to verify compliance with the noise limits.

  • If a data center violates the noise limits, the zoning administrator may require the operator to propose and implement a corrective solution within an approved period; failure to implement it may result in a fine of up to $1,000 for each day the violation continues.

  • The data-center operator must pay the costs of any sound test or study required to monitor compliance.

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions9
  • Data centers are expressly allowed as a permitted use in the I-1 and I-2 industrial districts, rather than requiring a conditional-use approval. add Data Centers as a permitted use in I-1 and I-2 Districts

  • Data centers are listed as permitted uses in the Business Park District, allowing them to locate there without a conditional-use permit, subject to the district’s development standards. Data Center

  • Within the PGDD overlay, data centers may benefit from the by-right permissions of the applicable industrial or business-park use areas when the approved concept plan designates the location for that use; later development proceeds through an administrative master-plan and development-permit process. uses permitted in the A-1, RE-1, R-1, R-2, R-3, O/I, C-N, C-1, I-1, M-1, BPD, and PUD districts by right

  • The data-center definition expressly allows land and structures to be used for uses customarily incidental to the primary data-center use, supporting related equipment and operations. uses customarily incidental to the primary permitted use

  • Data-center buildings may be up to 75 feet high, with 50-foot front, side, and rear setbacks; the rules also establish a 50-acre minimum lot size and 110-foot frontage and building-line standards, creating specific, predictable development parameters. Buildings shall not exceed a height of seventy-five (75) feet

  • Data-center internal development roads may be public or private, subject to county engineering standards, giving developers flexibility in how site circulation is provided. Internal development roads may be public or private

  • HVAC and air-conditioning equipment does not have to be screened when it is more than 100 feet from adjacent property lines, reducing screening obligations for suitably sited equipment. This requirement shall not apply where the equipment is more than 100 feet from adjacent property lines

  • Security fencing and walls outside the required setback and buffer are not subject to height limitations, allowing data-center operators to install taller security barriers where needed. Fences and walls outside the required setback and buffer provided above shall not be subject to height limitations

  • A lawful data-center use that later becomes nonconforming because of a zoning amendment may continue, although expansion or enlargement generally requires conditional-use approval and discontinuance for one year ends the nonconforming status. Any pre-existing lawful non-conforming use

Sources

current law · Unincorporated areas
Allows data centers in Bartow County’s Business Park District, subject to zoning approval and the county’s data-center definition; two 2025 approvals added site-specific limits, including a crypto-facility ban at one site and water-use conditions at another.Bartow County zoning approval Z-25-00015 (2025)

What this means

The measure enables two data center projects through rezoning, including one where the county zoning ordinance lists data centers as a permitted Business Park use. It also imposes project-specific limits on uses, building size, access, and water for cooling, so the overall effect is a meaningful but conditional benefit. The county approved the data center rezonings with conditions

People behind it

  • Applicant that proposed rezoning 122 acres on Gaines Road from A-1 to Business Park Development for a non-crypto data center and Georgia Power substation.

  • Planning body that recommended rezoning the property to R-8 before the applicant requested Business Park Development zoning.

  • Bartow County Commissioner who approved the rezoning application with conditions.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements10
  • A data center proposed on property not already zoned for that use must obtain a zoning-map amendment, typically to the Business Park Development (BPD) district, and may also require a Future Land Use Map amendment. The amendment requires Planning Commission and Commissioner public hearings, published notice at least 15 days before the Commissioner’s hearing, posted signs, and mailed notice to adjoining property owners. The Commissioner may impose different zoning classifications or additional conditions. rezoning and land-use-map procedures

  • In the BPD district, only specifically listed uses are permitted; uses not listed are prohibited unless approved as conditional industrial uses. uses not specifically listed are prohibited

  • For rezoning case Z-25-00015, the data center is the only allowed use on the 122-acre property, crypto-type facilities are prohibited, and the facility must comply with the data-center requirements in Section 3.2 of the Zoning Ordinance. a Data Center is the only allowed use

  • BPD sites are subject to a minimum one-acre lot size, a maximum 75% impervious-surface coverage, 40-foot front setbacks, 15-foot side setbacks, 20-foot rear setbacks, and a 50-foot buffer except where the ordinance provides otherwise. Building height is generally limited to 50 feet, although an administrative variance may increase it. BPD area, height and setback regulations

  • BPD development must meet specified landscaping requirements, including road-frontage landscaping, trees along vehicular-use areas, landscaped parking islands, and minimum sizes for newly planted trees and shrubs. minimum landscape requirements

  • For Z-25-00020, several otherwise permitted BPD uses are prohibited on the 876.57-acre data-center property, including distribution facilities, manufacturing or processing, outdoor storage except during construction, retail, warehousing, and wholesale trade and distribution. Business Park uses prohibited for the project

  • Z-25-00020 limits the combined square footage of all buildings on the data-center property to 8,300,000 square feet. total square footage limited to 8,300,000 square feet

  • Z-25-00020 restricts access to the development: primary access must be from Taff Road, while access from Floyd Creek Church Road is limited to secondary purposes, including emergency access. primary access from Taff Road

  • Z-25-00020 requires water-efficient HVAC technology, and using public water for equipment or building cooling requires approval from the Bartow County Water Department. water-efficient HVAC and public-water approval requirement

  • For Z-25-00020, buffers shown on the conceptual site plan must be maintained, and no building may receive a certificate of occupancy until the adjoining buffers are installed and improved as depicted. buffers must be maintained before certificates of occupancy

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions9
  • The Business Park District expressly permits a Data Center as an allowed use, so a data center can be developed in that district without needing a separate conditional-use approval for the use itself.

  • The Business Park District controls over inconsistent provisions in other county ordinances and zoning sections, providing a more predictable regulatory framework for approved data-center projects. The provisions of this section control over inconsistent provisions.

  • The Business Park District allows a minimum one-acre lot, 75% maximum impervious-surface coverage, 40-foot front setbacks, and 50-foot maximum building height, subject to the district's buffer and other requirements. Minimum lot size: 1 acre These standards can make sites more usable for large-scale development, but the project must comply with applicable buffers, setbacks, landscaping, and other regulations.

  • The zoning ordinance allows the Commissioner to approve a rezoning with a different zoning classification or with added or deleted conditions, giving data-center applicants a mechanism to obtain project-specific zoning approval and protections. The Commissioner shall have the power to impose a different zoning classification.

  • The Commissioner approved Z-25-00015 to rezone 122 acres on Gaines Road to Business Park Development for a non-crypto data center and Georgia Power substation, with the data center as the only allowed use. approved the application with the following conditions The approval is limited to a data center, prohibits crypto-type facilities, and requires compliance with the ordinance's data-center definition.

  • The Commissioner approved Z-25-00020 to rezone approximately 876.57 acres on Taff Road to Business Park Development and change the Future Land Use Map from Agricultural to Industrial for a data center. approved the application with the following conditions This provides a large, expressly approved site for data-center construction, subject to the listed restrictions and development conditions.

  • For the Taff Road data-center approval, primary access is authorized from Taff Road, while access from Floyd Creek Church Road is limited to secondary uses, including emergency access. Primary access to the improvements shall be from Taff Road.

  • For the Taff Road data-center approval, water-efficient HVAC technology is required, and use of public water for equipment or building cooling is allowed subject to approval by the Bartow County Water Department. the utilization of public water for equipment or building cooling shall be subject to approval.

  • The Taff Road data-center approval limits total building area to 8,300,000 square feet, establishing substantial permitted development capacity on the approved site. The total square footage of all buildings to be constructed on the property shall be limited to 8,300,000 square feet.

Sources

current law · County project: Properties subject to zoning applications Z-25-00015 on Gaines Road and Z-25-00020 on Taff Road
Limits two Bartow County data center sites to data-center use, bars crypto operations at one site, and sets project-specific rules for building size, access, buffers, and cooling-water use.Bartow County zoning approval Z-25-00020 (2025)

What this means

The measure enables two large data center projects, including one rezoning where a data center is the only allowed use. It also adds conditions, including a building-area cap and water-use requirements, so the practical effect is a meaningful but not unrestricted benefit for development. (project conditions)

People behind it

  • Sole County Commissioner who approved or authorized the agenda items, including the zoning applications and agreements.

  • Applicant for Alcohol License AL25-00006 for the Runningman Festival Special Event.

  • Appointee selected as a Bartow County representative on the Bartow-Floyd-Polk Joint Development Authority.

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  • Agreement party providing Group Facilitator services for Juvenile Court’s Family Treatment Court Celebrating Families Program.

  • Department that recommended awarding the engineering design services contract for the SR293/Burnt Hickory Road/Mac Johnson Road intersection improvements.

  • Contractor awarded the engineering design services contract for the SR293/Burnt Hickory Road/Mac Johnson Road intersection improvements.

  • Contractor awarded the signal installation contract for US 411 at the Burnt Hickory Connector.

  • Contractor authorized to provide appraisal and acquisition services for the Stiles Road/Euharlee Road Roundabout project.

  • Party to the real estate purchase and easement agreements for the Cass Pine-Log Road improvements.

  • Party to the memorandum of understanding establishing the student internship program with Bartow County Parks and Recreation.

  • Applicant for rezoning 122 acres on Gaines Road to Business Park Development for a non-crypto data center and Georgia Power substation.

  • Applicant for rezoning 3.31 acres at 101 and 105 Cass Pine Log Road from A-1 to C-1 and amending the Future Land Use Map.

  • Applicants for rezoning 5.088 acres at 230 Tant Road to C-1 with a conditional use permit for an outdoor storage lot.

  • Applicant for a conditional use permit for an outdoor storage facility on Rowland Springs Road.

  • Applicant for rezoning 36.5 acres on Wynn Loop at US Highway 411 to I-1 with a conditional use permit for a battery storage facility.

  • Applicant for rezoning and a Future Land Use Map amendment covering 876.57 acres on Taff Road for development of a data center.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements8
  • For the 122-acre Gaines Road rezoning, a data center is the only allowed use; all crypto-type facilities are prohibited.

  • The Gaines Road data center must comply with the requirements for data centers in Section 3.2 of the Bartow County Zoning Ordinance.

  • For the 876.57-acre Taff Road project, specified Business Park uses are prohibited, including distribution facilities; manufacturing, fabricating, processing, or assembling; outdoor storage except during construction; radio or television towers; research or biomedical laboratories; retail; and warehousing, wholesale trade, or distribution.

  • Buffers shown on the Taff Road conceptual site plan must be maintained, and buildings cannot receive certificates of occupancy until adjoining buffers are installed and improved as depicted.

  • The total floor area of all Taff Road data center buildings is capped at 8,300,000 square feet.

  • Primary access to the Taff Road development must be from Taff Road; access from Floyd Creek Church Road is limited to secondary uses, including emergency access.

  • The Taff Road development must use water-efficient HVAC technology, and using public water for equipment or building cooling requires approval from the Bartow County Water Department.

  • The Taff Road development must comply with all data center requirements in Section 3.2 of the Bartow County Zoning Ordinance.

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions6
  • Freeman Investments’ 122-acre property on Gaines Road was rezoned from A-1 to Business Park Development for a non-crypto data center and Georgia Power substation. The approval limits the site to data-center use, prohibits crypto-type facilities, and requires compliance with Section 3.2 of the Bartow County Zoning Ordinance.

  • Taurus DC SPE LLC’s 876.57-acre property on Taff Road was rezoned from A-1 to Business Park Development, and its Future Land Use Map designation was changed from Agricultural to Industrial, specifically to allow development of a data center.

  • The Taurus data-center approval prohibits several other Business Park uses—including distribution, manufacturing, outdoor storage, retail, warehousing, and wholesale distribution—helping reserve the approved site for the data-center project.

  • The Taurus approval permits primary access from Taff Road and allows access from Floyd Creek Church Road for limited secondary purposes, including emergency access.

  • The Taurus approval permits development of data-center buildings up to a combined maximum of 8,300,000 square feet.

  • The Taurus approval allows water-efficient HVAC technology and permits use of public water for equipment or building cooling subject to approval by the Bartow County Water Department.

Sources

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