Imperial County
Mixed Data Center Policies
Imperial County ended moratorium enforcement, allowing applications under ordinary rules; an enacted measure is described as proposing an approval pause in unincorporated areas.
current law · Unincorporated areasRepeals the County’s temporary ban on data center permits, allowing applications to be considered under other applicable rules.Imperial County Second 45-Day Data Center Moratorium (October 2026)
What this means
Repealing the moratorium would remove a broad obstacle to building data centers and allow permit applications to be considered again (the County will cease enforcement of the moratorium). The benefit is limited because projects must still meet other county rules, and the agenda also lists a proposal for a new temporary moratorium (a temporary moratorium).
People behind it
- Geoffrey P. Holbrook
County Counsel who requested the urgency ordinance repealing and setting aside Ordinance Nos. 1616 and 1618.
- Imperial County Board of Supervisors
Governing body that approved the urgency ordinance repealing and setting aside the data center moratorium ordinances.
- Jesus Eduardo Escobar
Supervisor who requested discussion of a potential ballot measure concerning future data center development.
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- Martha Cardenas-Singh
Supervisor who requested discussion of a potential ballot measure concerning future data center development.
- Imperial County Counsel
County office directed to take the necessary steps to comply with the court’s judgment and file the County’s return to the writ.
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements1
Data center applications remain subject to applicable County land-use regulations and other requirements independent of the repealed moratorium ordinances.
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions2
The County repealed and set aside Ordinance Nos. 1616 and 1618, eliminating the interim moratorium on approving data center facilities in unincorporated Imperial County. The urgency ordinance took effect immediately, although projects remain subject to other applicable land-use regulations. The ordinances are repealed and set aside in their entirety.
The County may not use Ordinance No. 1616 or 1618 as a basis to withhold, suspend, refuse to accept, process, review, approve, or issue a permit or entitlement for a data center in the unincorporated area. The County will not apply or enforce either Ordinance.
Sources
current law · Unincorporated areasProhibits approvals for data center facilities in unincorporated Imperial County for an additional 10 months and 15 days while the county studies its land-use rules.Imperial County Data Center Advisory Committee Resolution
What this means
The proposed extension would pause approvals for data center facilities in unincorporated Imperial County for another 10 months and 15 days, causing a substantial development delay (proposed extension). Applications could still be submitted and processed, but the earlier moratorium barred approvals, so this is a serious temporary barrier—not a ban on building or operating centers forever (applications may still be processed, but not approved).
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements1
The committee may evaluate potential amendments to the County General Plan and Codified Ordinances and potential location or proximity standards, infrastructure and land-use compatibility. These are subjects for study, not verified binding restrictions imposed by this resolution.
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions1
No direct incentive or approval entitlement verified. Stakeholder participation includes one representative from the business community and one representative from the energy industry sector. These seats do not establish a pro-development outcome.
Sources
current law · Unincorporated areasAllows data centers in M-1 and M-2 industrial zones, requiring M-1 data centers to be inside enclosed buildings.Imperial County Land Use Ordinance, Title 9, Division 5 (Zoning)
What this means
The measure makes data centers a permitted use in M-1 and M-2 industrial zones, which can make approval easier than requiring a conditional-use permit (M-1 permitted uses; M-2 permitted uses). The benefit is limited: M-1 requires data centers to be inside an enclosed building, and the measure offers no financial incentives.
People behind it
- Imperial County Board of Supervisors
Adopted Ordinance No. 1587 on November 21, 2023, amending specified Title 9 land-use divisions.
- Imperial County Planning & Development Services
County department responsible for administering and maintaining the Title 9 land-use ordinance materials.
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements9
In the M-1 zone, a data center is permitted only when located within an enclosed building. Data center (within enclosed building)
A data center yard in the M-1 zone requires a conditional use permit rather than being allowed outright. Data center yard
M-1 data centers must be located on lots of at least 10,000 square feet. The minimum lot size requirement in the M-1 Zone, is ten thousand (10,000) square feet
M-1 data centers are subject to a front setback of 10 feet from the property or public right-of-way line; a zero-foot setback is allowed only with approval by the Planning Director and written concurrence from Public Works and the Fire Marshal. Ten (10) feet from the property line
M-1 data centers may not exceed six stories or 80 feet in height. Six stories or eighty (80) feet
M-1 data centers must provide off-street parking under the requirements of Section 90402.01(F) and must provide landscaping under Section 90302.03. Off street parking in the M-1 zone and Landscaping in the M-1 zone
In the M-2 zone, data centers must be located on lots of at least 20,000 square feet. Minimum lot size requirement in the M-2 zone is twenty thousand (20,000) square feet
M-2 data centers are subject to a 10-foot front setback; a zero-foot setback requires approval by the Planning Director and written concurrence from Public Works and the Fire Marshal. They are also limited to six stories or 80 feet, must meet Section 90402.01(F) parking requirements, and must provide landscaping under Section 90302.03. Yards and setbacks in the M-2 zone, six stories or eighty (80) feet, and Off street parking in the M-2 zone
Battery storage in the M-1 and M-2 zones requires a conditional use permit, so a data-center project that includes battery storage would require that additional approval for the storage component. Battery Storage and Battery Storage
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions10
Data centers are expressly permitted in the M-1 Light Industrial Zone as a permitted use, provided the data center is located within an enclosed building; a conditional use permit is not required for the use itself.
Data centers are expressly permitted in the M-2 Medium Industrial Zone as a permitted use; a conditional use permit is not required for the use itself.
M-1-zoned data centers may use parcels as small as 10,000 square feet.
M-2-zoned data centers may use parcels as small as 20,000 square feet.
In the M-1 and M-2 zones, buildings generally require only a 10-foot front setback, with no side or rear setback required, subject to building-code requirements and specified approval for a zero-foot front setback.
M-1 and M-2 buildings may be constructed up to six stories or 80 feet, whichever is less.
M-1 and M-2 zones do not impose a separate minimum distance between structures beyond applicable California building-code requirements.
M-1 and M-2 zones allow accessory, security, caretaker, or manager residences incidental to the primary industrial use, subject to the applicable residential setback requirements.
Battery storage is allowed in both M-1 and M-2 zones with a conditional use permit, providing a permitting pathway for on-site or associated energy storage serving industrial facilities.
Major electrical-generation, transmission, and substation facilities may be approved in M-1 and M-2 zones with a conditional use permit, subject to coordination with the Imperial Irrigation District; for those facilities, the ordinance limits battery capacity to a 2-to-1 ratio compared with solar capacity.
Sources
Specific to Imperial County only.
current law · Unincorporated areasRepeals the county’s temporary ban on approving data centers in unincorporated areas, while leaving other applicable zoning and land-use rules in place.Imperial County urgency ordinance repealing and setting aside Ordinances Nos. 1616 and 1618
What this means
Repealing the moratorium removes a major obstacle to building data centers in unincorporated Imperial County, since the county will cease enforcement of the moratorium. It does not waive ordinary zoning or other rules, which still apply to applications.
Timing
The agenda includes a proposed temporary moratorium on approving data center facilities in the unincorporated area, but the provided sources do not state its expiration date or ending condition.
People behind it
- Imperial County Board of Supervisors
Adopted the urgency ordinance repealing and setting aside Ordinance Nos. 1616 and 1618.
- Geoffrey P. Holbrook
County Counsel who requested the action to repeal and set aside the data center moratorium ordinances.
- County Counsel
Responsible for taking the necessary steps to comply with the court’s writ and administering the ordinance’s legal implementation.
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- Jesus Eduardo Escobar
Supervisor who requested discussion of a potential ballot measure concerning future data center development.
- Martha Cardenas-Singh
Supervisor who requested discussion of a potential ballot measure concerning future data center development.
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements1
Temporary moratorium on approving data center facilities within the unincorporated area of Imperial County.
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions1
In the unincorporated areas of Imperial County, the urgency ordinance repeals and sets aside Ordinance Nos. 1616 and 1618, requires the County to cease enforcing the data-center moratorium, and prohibits using those ordinances to withhold, suspend, refuse to accept, process, review, approve, or issue a data-center permit or entitlement. The repeal takes effect immediately, although applications remain subject to other applicable land-use regulations and requirements. The urgency ordinance takes effect immediately.
Sources
Specific to Imperial County only.
repealed · Unincorporated areasRepeals the temporary ban on data center approvals in unincorporated Imperial County, while leaving projects subject to other applicable rules.Imperial County Ordinance No. 1618
What this means
The proposed extension would pause County approval of data center facilities in unincorporated areas for another 10 months and 15 days (the proposed moratorium extension). That would make building or expanding there much harder in the short term, though it is not a permanent ban.
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements1
Extends the temporary moratorium on approval of Data Center Facilities within the unincorporated areas of Imperial County for an additional ten months and fifteen days.
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions1
None identified in the reviewed descriptions of Ordinance No. 1618; adopted ordinance text remains unverified. Do not attribute the later repeal's provisions to this ordinance.
Sources
failed · Unincorporated areasWould ban data centers in unincorporated Imperial County that occupy at least one acre, use at least five megawatts of power, or have at least 10,000 square feet of equipment space.Imperial County Data Center Prohibition Act
What this means
The proposed measure would prohibit data centers meeting its size or power thresholds on unincorporated county land. That is an outright ban for the projects it covers, though smaller facilities or sites outside that area may fall beyond its scope.
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements1
Proposed only, not operative: - Prohibit development or expansion of qualifying facilities in unincorporated areas; reported thresholds are one contiguous acre, peak draw of five megawatts, or 10,000 square feet of equipment space. - Cancel projects already approved by the county. - Reported enforcement provisions include personal liability for county employees, misdemeanor penalties, and a private right of action.
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions1
None identified in the reviewed reporting; full initiative text has not been independently analyzed.
Sources
repealed · Unincorporated areasRepeals the county’s temporary ban on data center approvals in unincorporated areas, while leaving other applicable rules in place.Imperial County Ordinance No. 1616
What this means
Repealing the moratorium removes a significant obstacle to getting data center applications reviewed and approved in unincorporated Imperial County, and the change takes effect immediately. But projects still have to meet other county rules, so this makes development easier without guaranteeing approval or providing incentives.
Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements1
Established a temporary moratorium on the approval of data center facilities in the County’s unincorporated areas. Historical only: both ordinances are repealed and set aside in their entirety.
Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions1
None identified in the reviewed descriptions of Ordinance No. 1616. The later repeal of both ordinances is a separate action, not a provision of Ordinance No. 1616.
Sources
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