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The Data Center Divide

City of Mesa

Anti-Data Center Policies

Mesa’s enacted ordinance generally limits new data centers to General or Heavy Industrial zones with City Council approval and adds application reports and operating standards; exceptions apply to previously approved projects and Eastmark.

current law · City of Mesa
Restricts data centers to Mesa’s General or Heavy Industrial areas with City Council approval, sets specific development, noise, reporting, and parking rules, and allows limited on-site accessory facilities.Mesa Ordinance 5957 (2025)

What this means

The measure would make new data centers much harder to site: in most areas, they could be built only in General or Heavy Industrial zones with City Council approval through a PAD (specific PAD approval required). It also adds application reports and operating standards, though projects with prior approvals and Eastmark receive exceptions (prior approvals and Eastmark exceptions).

People behind it

  • Introduced and adopted Ordinance No. 5957, establishing the data-center and Planned Area Development amendments.

  • Identified as the planner for the proposed amendment and associated staff recommendation.

  • Responsible for receiving waiver requests under the ordinance.

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  • Authorized to determine waiver eligibility and, with the City Attorney, draft the waiver form.

  • Authorized, with the Planning Director, to draft the waiver form established by the ordinance.

Restrictions & requirementsHide restrictions & requirements17
  • Data centers are prohibited in every zoning district except as an accessory use or when specifically authorized by the City Council through a Planned Area Development (PAD) overlay combined with General Industrial (GI) or Heavy Industrial (HI) zoning. The ordinance limits data centers to PAD approval in GI or HI districts

  • A data center proposed as a primary use in a GI or HI district is not allowed by right; it requires City Council authorization at the time the PAD overlay district is approved. Data centers may be permitted only if specifically authorized by City Council

  • A data center may qualify as an accessory use in commercial and employment districts only if it exclusively serves the on-site property owner, does not lease data storage or processing services to third parties, occupies no more than 10% of the building, and is not located in a separate stand-alone structure on the parcel. The accessory-use conditions limit service, size, and building placement

  • Applicants must submit an operational plan and a Good Neighbor Policy with a data-center application. Additional application requirements include an Operational Plan and Good Neighbor Policy

  • Applicants must provide water-consumption and thermal-management information, including the cooling-system design and water usage, plus a wastewater report. The required reports address cooling systems, water use, and wastewater

  • Applicants must provide an electric and natural-gas service report; when the property is within the City's service area, the report must estimate utility demand. The energy-service report requires estimated demand in the City's service area

  • An initial sound study is required as part of the application process. Initial Sound Study

  • Data centers must be separated from residential uses by 400 feet. The development standards require separation from residential uses

  • Data-center buildings may not exceed 60 feet in height. The maximum height is 60 feet

  • Data centers are subject to special building, architectural, loading, fencing, mechanical-equipment, substation-screening, and utility standards, including publicly visible all-sided architecture, additional articulation, glazing requirements, and specified architectural features. The ordinance lists special development standards for building design and site infrastructure

  • A sound study is required when the certificate of occupancy is issued and annually for five years thereafter; the certificate-of-occupancy study must be submitted within 30 days after issuance and measure sound during peak routine operations. Sound studies are required at occupancy and annually for five years

  • Backup-generator operation is subject to notice requirements and limits on hours of operation during normal operations, although operation is allowed during an electric-utility demand-response event. Backup generators are subject to noticing and operating-hour requirements

  • Data centers must provide parking at a minimum rate of one space per 5,000 square feet for the first 200,000 square feet and one space per 10,000 square feet thereafter. The ordinance establishes a minimum parking ratio for data centers

  • The ordinance becomes effective 30 days after adoption, creating a waiting period before the new restrictions take effect. The effective date is thirty days after adoption

  • Violations may result in civil sanctions of $150 to $1,500 per citation, with higher ranges for repeat violations; each day a violation continues is a separate civil offense. The ordinance imposes escalating civil penalties and treats each continuing day as a separate offense

  • Projects that had approvals before the ordinance's effective date, or submitted complete required applications before that date, may proceed under the prior zoning rules; projects without prior approvals or complete applications must comply with the new standards. The ordinance distinguishes prior approvals and complete applications from new projects

  • Data centers in the Eastmark (Mesa Proving Grounds) Planned Community are exempt from the Section 11-31-36 data-center standards under the applicable Community Plan. Data centers in Eastmark are not required to comply with Section 11-31-36

Benefits & exceptionsHide benefits & exceptions7
  • Data centers may be developed in General Industrial and Heavy Industrial districts when specifically authorized by the City Council through a Planned Area Development (PAD) overlay, subject to the data-center standards. The ordinance also allows PADs to authorize uses not otherwise allowed by the underlying zoning district (“may be permitted only if specifically authorized by City Council”).

  • A data center can operate as an accessory use in commercial and employment districts without being subject to the specific data-center standards if it exclusively serves the on-site owner, does not lease storage or processing services to third parties, occupies no more than 10% of the building, and is not in a separate stand-alone structure (“conditions under which a Data Center may qualify as an accessory use”).

  • Certain owners can request a binding waiver of the new data-center prohibition if they owned the parcel on the ordinance’s effective date and it was in specified industrial or downtown zoning, or in qualifying Eastmark land-use groups. A granted waiver allows development as if the data-center restrictions had not been adopted, including development in GI or HI without PAD approval; the request must be filed within three years and the Section 11-31-36 application, development, and operational standards still apply (“may request a binding waiver of enforcement”).

  • Data-center projects that received approvals before the ordinance’s effective date may continue to obtain permits and plats and be constructed and operated under the prior approvals and zoning rules, even if they do not meet the new data-center standards (“may develop and operate in compliance with the subject approvals”).

  • Complete applications submitted before the ordinance’s effective date may be approved under the zoning rules in effect when the complete applications were filed, and the resulting project may be developed and operated without complying with the new Section 11-31-36 standards (“Complete applications for proposed data center projects filed prior to the effective date”).

  • Data centers within the Eastmark Planned Community are not required to comply with Section 11-31-36, based on the Eastmark Community Plan in effect on the ordinance’s effective date (“data centers located within the Eastmark”).

  • Backup generators may operate during an electric utility demand-response event, in addition to normal operations, providing an expressly permitted operating circumstance (“electric utility demand response event”).

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